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In clinical practice three interdependent factors are related to a successful outcome the patient, the injury, and the surgeon. It is not our intent to provide an exclusive approach to the evaluation and management of these injuries, but rather to emphasize common patterns of presentation, treatment options, and complications and to discuss other pertinent factors. Although most of the cases presented (except for the panfacial trauma case) represent isolated injury patterns, it is important to recognize that injuries can present in any combination. In this chapter we present a series of cases representing the spectrum of maxillofacial injuries as they are encountered in the most classic way. The goal of maxillofacial trauma surgery is restoration of the preinjury level of function and optimal cosmetic outcome. An understanding of occlusion and the related musculoskeletal apparatus is essential for correct management of facial fractures, many of which involve the dentate segments. The use of bone grafts and the placement of dental implants put our specialty in the unique position of being able to offer complete rehabilitation beyond the immediate surgical repair of the fractured segments. The importance of adherence to advanced trauma life support (ATLS) protocols and a comprehensive physical examination cannot be overemphasized. The approach to maxillofacial trauma is in part related to the surgeon’s training and the available facilities however, the basis of evaluation of the trauma patient who has sustained maxillofacial injuries remains unchanged. The modern management of maxillofacial trauma has evolved with the advent of new biomaterials, improved diagnostic imaging, and refined instrumentation with associated techniques. As specialists, we should endorse and support this essential component of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS), because it has had a crucial impact on the advancement of the profession and has contributed to our gaining our rightful seat among other surgical disciplines. However, only with continued training, participation in trauma care, and observation of one’s own “personal residency” beyond formal training can surgeons maintain current skills for management of facial trauma. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons are the only specialists who have the training to provide complete craniomaxillofacial trauma care that includes medical and dental management and the capability to address reconstruction of all elements of the face. Orbital Trauma: Fracture of the Orbital Floor.Combined Mandibular Parasymphysis and Angle Fractures.
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